Fetal valproate spectrum disorder
| Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Fetal Valproate Syndrome (FVS), Fetal Valproic Acid Syndrome, Valproic Acid Embryopathy |
 | |
| Facial features associated with valproate exposure at different ages | |
| Specialty | Medical genetics, Pediatrics |
| Symptoms | Neural tube defects, distinctive facial features, congenital heart defects, limb abnormalities, developmental delays, autism spectrum disorder[1][2][3] |
| Complications | Intellectual disability, cognitive impairments, physical disabilities |
| Usual onset | Prenatal |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Causes | Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) |
| Diagnostic method | Based on clinical features, history of VPA exposure, diagnostic imaging, genetic counseling |
| Differential diagnosis | other antiepileptic drugs-related embryofetopathies, Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder |
| Prevention | Avoiding valproic acid during pregnancy, using alternative medications, folic acid supplementation |
| Treatment | Multidisciplinary management including regular monitoring, early intervention therapies, surgical correction of anomalies, supportive therapies |
| Prognosis | Variable; depends on severity and type of anomalies |
| Frequency | Rare; exact prevalence unknown, fewer than 50,000 cases in the U.S[1] |
Fetal valproate spectrum disorder (FVSD), previously known as Fetal Valproate Syndrome (FVS), is a rare disease caused by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), a medication commonly used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraines. This exposure can lead to a range of neurodevelopmental and physical symptoms, including cognitive impairments, developmental delays, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and congenital malformations.[1][2][3]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c "Fetal valproate spectrum disorder". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. 2024. Archived from the original on 2024-05-30. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
- ^ a b "Fetal valproate spectrum disorder". Orphanet. 2020. Archived from the original on 2024-05-31. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
- ^ a b Clayton-Smith, Jill; Bromley, Rebecca; Dean, John; Journel, Hubert; Odent, Sylvie; Wood, Amanda; Williams, Janet; Cuthbert, Verna; Hackett, Latha; Aslam, Neelo; Malm, Heli; James, Gregory; Westbom, Lena; Day, Ruth; Ladusans, Edmund; Jackson, Adam; Bruce, Iain; Walker, Robert; Sidhu, Sangeet; Dyer, Catrina; Ashworth, Jane; Hindley, Daniel; Diaz, Gemma Arca; Rawson, Myfanwy; Turnpenny, Peter (December 2019). "Diagnosis and management of individuals with Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder; a consensus statement from the European Reference Network for Congenital Malformations and Intellectual Disability". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 14 (1): 180. doi:10.1186/s13023-019-1064-y. PMC 6642533. PMID 31324220. Retrieved 31 May 2024.